Broken rail joint identified as probable cause in deadly Spanish high speed train derailment

At least 39 people died after a high-speed train derailed near Adamuz. Investigators identified a broken rail joint as the cause of the two-train collision.

Insights:
On Sunday, January 18, a high-speed train operated by the private rail operator Iryo derailed near Adamuz in the province of Cordoba, ESES, resulting in the deaths of at least 39 people. The accident, which occurred approximately 360 kilometers south of Madrid, is being described as one of the worst train disasters in Europe in modern times. Preliminary findings from the ongoing investigation suggest that a broken rail joint, known as a fishplate, was the probable cause of the catastrophe. Inspectors discovered visible wear on the joint, which created a gap between rail sections that progressively widened as trains continued to traverse the track.
A firefighter and members of the Spanish Civil Guard work next to one of the trains involved in the accident, at the site of a deadly derailment of two high-speed trains near Adamuz, in Cordoba, Spain, January 19, 2026. REUTERS/Susana Vera
A firefighter and members of the Spanish Civil Guard work next to one of the trains involved in the accident, at the site of a deadly derailment of two high-speed trains near Adamuz, in Cordoba, Spain, January 19, 2026. REUTERS/Susana Vera
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